APPAREL-INDUSTRY (INTRODUCTION)

      Hello Everyone!!!! Myself Hozefa and I welcome you all tom my new channel “ Apparel Guru”. Here we will study of all aspects and important factors of Apparel industry in detail. Which will help to grow in this sector and how worthful will be to choose this industry as your career.

Today we will see a quick introduction what is all about apparel industry , how it being started and will also see some important terms.

The apparel industry can be broken down into two major segments: the production of textiles and fabric from raw materials and the transformation of these fabrics into clothing and other accessories. The textile section of the industry involves taking raw material, converting that material to yarn, and then dyeing and finishing the fabric made from the yarn. Textile fabrics can include bolts of fabric, but also materials such as carpeting, towels, upholstery, or even industrial products such as fire hoses. The apparel industry consists of cutting fabrics and other materials and sewing them together to create apparel or accessories, including footwear, outerwear, pants, and tops. This industry also includes lesser seen knitting mills.

The textiles and apparel industry is an ancient one; bone needles have been found dating as far back as 30,000 BC. During that time, the majority of clothing was comprised of prepared animal hides, with civilizations weaving together various animal and vegetable fibers to create unique clothes. The industry experienced relatively slow development and a lack of progress until the industrial revolution, when production of textiles and apparel was significantly altered by technology, including the cotton gin and pedal-powered sewing machines. In fact, due to high amounts of labor required in making a piece of fabric, the textile industry was among the first to be mechanized. Since then, there have been many technological advances on the textile side of the industry, which is very heavily dependent on technology, mostly incorporating the use of automation. The apparel side of the industry is still primarily done with human labor (humans operating sewing machines, etc.). This is the primary reason for the allocation of this industry in cheaper labor markets.

The apparel market in global arena is expected to cross the magical figure of 850 billion in 2019. The compound growth rate of this huge market is expected to be around 4 per cent in the coming years also attributed to increase in number of potential consumers and increase in working population world over. Asia Pacific is providing an impetus to this global growth by higher consumption.

India Position and Contribution in apparel industry

The Indian textile industry is estimated around 108 billion dollar and expected to reach 223 billion dollar by 2021. The industry also employs over 45 million people directly to 60 million people indirectly. The Indian Textile Industry contributes approximately 5 per cent to India’s gross domestic product (GDP), and 14 per cent to overall Index of Industrial Production (IIP). The textile industry is also one of the largest contributor to India’s export with approximately 13.5 percent of total export amounting 42.24 billion dollars.

From 2019-2022, the global prediction is that online platforms, like Amazon, will experience at least 5 times more revenue compared to 2018. While consumers frequent websites to compare prices and products, global online platforms are expected to expand their fashion brand partnerships and develop additional engagement methods to stay competitive in the cut-throat digital shopping space. Now the challenge is to collaborate with online platforms and boost fashion brands with strong online presence to attract more consumers.

Important terms of Apparel Industry

Here  are the below important terms which we will also discuss in detail later journey…..

Apparel: Personal Outfits, garment or clothing etc. Including headwear and footwear.

Apparel Industry : The industry which make ready to make Garments.

Apparel Manufacturing technology: The processing steps and techniques involved in the manufacturing apparels for large scale production on industrial basis of business purpose is called  garments manufacturing technology.

Basic Block: It is an individual component of garments without any design or style.

 Bar Tack: Re-stitching over a very short length and increase the area of a high load bearing strength is called bar tack. For example: Belt loops and comers of pocket are comers of pocket are bar tack. 

C and F: If the price of goods is mentioned in invoice including transport cost is called C and F. 

C.I.F: II the price of goods is mentioned in invoice with including transports cost and insurance cost. 

Counter Sample: The sample which is followed by approved sample is called counter sample. For smooth production it is necessary. 

Dart: The process to give respected shape by removing the wedge from the garments surface by stitching or cutting and stitching is called dart. It is used for tightness of goods. 

Dummy: The model which is exactly similar to the shape of the body of a man and which is used to check the fitting of garments is called dummy. 

Export documents: The documents which are to be submitted by a C and F to the customs authority for exporting goods are called export documents. These are given below: 

·              Shipping bill of entry 

·              Export L/C 

·              Packing list 

·              Insurance 

·              UD (Utilization Declaration) 

·              VBF- QA from to supply by the C and F agents. 

·              Export permission from EXP.

Grading: It is the process to make pattern of different sizes from master pattern. 

Grain: The term which is used in making up to refer to the direction of the warp threads is woven or warp knitted and the direction of Wales in knitted fabric is called grain.

Import Documentation: The documents which are to be submitted by a C and F agents to the customs authority for realizing imported goods from the ports is called import documentation. These are: 

1.        Bill of entry 

2.        Copy of bill of lading (BL) 

3.        Copy of invoice 

4.        Packing list 

5.        Certificate of origin (CO)

6.        UD/UP ( Utilization Declaration / Utilization Permission ) 

7.        Copy of master L/C 

8.        Letter of credit authorization (LCA) 

9.        Performa invoice 

10.      Copy of insurance cover note 

11.      PSI (Pre- shipment inspection) 

12.      Any other documents.

Interlining: Interlining is one kind of accessories which is used between two layers of fabric in garments to support, reinforce and control areas of garments and to remain actual shape. It is two types. Such as: (i) Non Fusible/Sewn Interlining (ii) Fusible Interlining 

Invoice: The documents mentioning the price is called invoice. After sending the garments goods to the importer country it is to the buyer for collecting price. 

L/C: L/C means is Letter of Credit. It is a commitment by opening a bank on behalf of the importer of the exporter that the bills drawn by them on the importer countries covering the shipment of specified items and quality of goods within stated period will be in charge of documents under certain terms and condition. 

Ligne: A standard measure equal to 0.635 mm by which buttons and ribbons measured is called ligne. 

Lining: The cloths which are used to cover the part or all of the inside of apparel, the back of curtains or the inside or back of the other product is called lining. It is generally a functional part of a garment, an accessories. Lining materials can be used for small parts pockets and for complete garments, either fully bagged out. It can be used coat, jacket and rain coat, body and sleeve for ladies items. Such as: Blouse, frock etc. It is attached by sewing, coating is not used. 

Pleat: The folds usually run in the lengthwise direction of a garments giving a decorative effects and allowance for expansion of the garments in the cross section is called pleat. It is used for looseness of garments. Dart and pleat are all used of fashion designer in the back Part of a shirt. 

Puckering: The wrinkled appearance of a fabric in which non- uniform relation or shrinkage has occurred is called pucker.

Basis Flow chart of Apparel industry.